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Magnesium Chloride, Hexahydrate is widely used as a source of magnesium ion in chemistry and molecular biology applications. In biological systems, magnesium is a co-factor for many enzymes including deoxyribonuclease (DNase) and various restriction enzymes. Also plays a role in cell membrane integrity, muscle cell physiology, cardiovascular and muscular activity, and nucleic acid structure. Magnesium chloride solution is a favorable choice as an elution buffer for antibody affinity column purifications; it is much milder on most antigens than acid elution, allowing reuse of the antigen column. Also an essential cofactor for the DNA polymerase in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Used in wood fireproofing, wool carbonizing, and cotton fabric dressing; Also used in disinfectants, magnesia cements, fire extinguishers, floor sweeping compounds, and casein glue; Also used to make parchment paper and artificial leather; Has been used therapeutically as a cathartic and to treat bovine hypomagnesaemia.