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The DCN46 antibody specifically binds to dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN or CD209), a type-II membrane protein of approximately 44 kDa with a mannose-binding C-type lectin domain. It is highly expressed on dendritic cells in mucosal tissues. Its sequence is identical to the HIV-1 envelope gp120-binding C-type lectin, and reports suggest that DC-SIGN binds to HIV-1 gp120 and effectively transmits infectious HIV-1 to resting T lymphocytes expressing CD4 and chemokine receptors. The C-type lectin domain of DC-SIGN is also capable of binding other pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Reports also suggest that DC-SIGN enables the highly efficient migration of dendritic cells from blood into the tissues. It can interact with ICAM-2, which has a similar sequence as ICAM-3, and is abundantly expressed on vascular and lymphoid endothelium. Thus, DC-SIGN mediates dendritic cells rolling and transendothelial migration, and its interaction with ICAM-2 is essential to specific migratory functions of dendritic cells.
