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Details
TNF alpha is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophage and bind to its receptors, TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. TNF alpha is involved in the regulation of immune cells, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF alpha exists as a multimer of two, three, or five noncovalently linked units, but shows a single 17 kDa band following SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions. Knockout studies in mice also suggested the neuroprotective function of TNF alpha, and has been observed to causes tumor necrosis when injected into tumor-bearing mice. Other functions of TNF-alpha include its role in the immune response to bacterial, viral, parasitic and certain fungal infections, as well as its role in the necrosis of specific tumors. TNF alpha causes cytolysis or cytostasis of certain transformed cells, being synergistic with interferon-gamma in its cytotoxicity. This cytokine has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer. : Human TNF alpha is a 17 kDa factor produced by macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, CD4 T cells and NK cells. A 26 kDa form of TNF alpha is expressed as a membrane bound molecule. TNF alpha is cytolytic and plays an important role in immune regulation. Dimers and trimers of TNF alpha have been observed. Applications Reported: Human TNF alpha ELISA Lyophilized Standard has been reported for use in the Human TNF alpha Ready-Set-Go! ELISA kit (cat. 88-7346). Applications Tested: The Human TNF alpha ELISA Lyophilized Standard is intended to be used as a standard for the Human TNF alpha Ready-Set-Go! ELISA kit (cat. 88-7346). Typically the standard is run in a series of 7 doubling dilutions from the ′top′ standard. Please refer to the Certificate of Analysis included with each ELISA set for instructions on the proper reconstitution and dilution of the lyophilized standard. Note: These are single-use vials. Use one time within 4 hours of reconstitution and discard. Reconstitute and dilute as suggested in the Certificate of Analysis or recovery may not be accurate. Source: E. coli expressed amino acids Val 77-Leu 233 of human TNF alpha accession &Num; HUMTNFAB.
