RIG1-like receptor antagonist found in Andrographis. It decreases TNF-a-induced generation of ROS, suppresses development of diabetes, and inhibits HSP90 activity and induces apoptosis in leukemia cells, Each

Details

Andrographolide is a labdane diterpene found in Andrographis that exhibits antioxidative, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, immunomodulatory, anti-metastatic, and anticancer activities. In vitro, andrographolide decreases TNF-a-induced generation of ROS and expression of ICAM-1 and increases levels of glutathione and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Andrographolide also decreases influenza-induced cell mortality in vitro by inhibiting activation of RIG1-like receptors (RLRs). Additionally, andrographolide suppresses development of diabetes in vivo by decreasing expression of IL-2, IL-17, and IFN-? and increasing expression of IL-10 and TGF-ß. This compound also decreases production of NO, PGE2, iNOS, TNF-a, COX-2, and IFN-ß in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In leukemia cells, andrographolide inhibits HSP90 activity, decreases Bcr-Abl levels, and induces apoptosis.